Overview
This module introduces version control and Git fundamentals. You will learn why Git exists, how it works at a high level, and how to get set up with your first repository and basic workflow.
Learning Objectives
- Explain what version control is and why it matters
- Describe Git's history and core design ideas
- Differentiate centralized and distributed version control
- Understand Git's main concepts and terminology
- Install Git and configure your identity
- Create a repository and make your first commit
- Use the basic Git workflow to track changes
Topics Covered
1.1 Version Control Basics
- What is version control?
- Problems it solves
- Common workflows and collaboration
1.2 Why Git?
- Benefits of Git
- Speed, integrity, and flexibility
- Git in modern development teams
1.3 History of Git
- Why Git was created
- Early design goals
- How Git evolved
1.4 Centralized vs Distributed VCS
- Centralized model (SVN, CVS)
- Distributed model (Git, Mercurial)
- Tradeoffs and use cases
1.5 Core Git Terminology
- Repository, commit, branch, tag
- Working tree, staging area, history
- Remote and upstream
1.6 Git Architecture and Objects
- Blob, tree, commit, tag objects
- SHA identifiers
- Content-addressed storage
1.7 Installing Git
- macOS, Windows, Linux options
- Verifying installation
- Updating Git
1.8 First-Time Configuration
user.nameanduser.email- Default branch name
- Line endings
1.9 Creating Your First Repository
git initand project structure- First commit
- Viewing history
1.10 Basic Workflow
- Modify, stage, commit
git status,git add,git commit- Reviewing changes
1.11 Getting Help
git helpand manual pagesgit help -aandgit help -g- Reading the output effectively
Hands-on Exercises
- Install Git and verify the version.
- Configure your name and email in Git.
- Initialize a new repository and make a first commit.
- Edit a file, stage the change, and commit it.
- Use
git logto review commit history.
Key Takeaways
- Git is a distributed version control system built for speed and reliability.
- Git stores content using SHA identifiers and objects.
- The basic workflow is: edit, stage, commit.
- A small set of commands covers most day-to-day tasks.
Additional Resources
- Git documentation (built-in
git help) - Git Book (Pro Git)
- Official Git website
Assessment
- Quiz on core Git terms and models
- Practical: initialize a repository and make commits
- Short answer: describe centralized vs distributed VCS
Next Module
Module 02 will cover Git basics in depth (status, diff, log, and reset).